• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Bei dem Druckgießverfahren wird die Schmelze aus einem Schmelzebehälter zu einer Gießform gefördert. Sie füllt die Gießhohlräume unter der Wirkung eines Druckunterschieds, der zwischen dem Schmelzebehälter und der Gießform hergestellt wird, wobei während des Füllens der Gießform die Schmelze unter Vakuum, atmosphärischem und erhöhtem Druck steht. Nach dem Füllen der Gießform bis zu einer bestimmten Höhe wird in einem nicht gefüllten Hohlraum oder in nicht gefüllten Hohlräumen der Gießform ein zusätzlicher Gasdruck erzeugt, der wesentlich größer als der momentan in der Gießform vorhandene Gasdruck ist, wobei gleichzeitig der zusätzlich erzeugte Gasdruck durch einen auf der anderen Seite der Gießform erzeugten Gasdruck ausgeglichen wird.
    公开号:SU1389933A1
    申请号:SU837773038
    申请日:1983-07-06
    公开日:1988-04-23
    发明作者:Димов Николов Иван
    申请人:Институт По Металознание И Технология На Металите (Инопредприятие)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to foundry, in particular to the injection molding of castings of various materials.
    There is a known method of casting under pressure, in which the melt from the crucible passes through the metal conduit and fills the mold of the node with the action of the pressure difference in the crucible with the molten metal and in the mold. The filling of the mold begins at atmospheric pressure and the self-regulating choke 12 and the pipeline connected to the additional cavities 5, and on the other hand through the pipeline and through the valve 10 to the source 13 of the compressed gas.
    The method is carried out as follows.
    After the melt is prepared to be cast, a pressure difference is created between crucible 1 and the mold 3 and the melt
    To fill the mold to a definite metal conduit 2 enters the casting
    above the melt in the empty space of the mold, a suitable vacuum is created, which is used to regulate the rate of further filling. After filling the mold, the melt crystallizes and the casting is extracted (Japanese Application No. 56-14385, cl. B 22 D 18/08, published 1981).
    The aim of the invention is to improve the physicomechanical properties of castings.
    FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for implementing the method for casting with the transport of the melt using the gas pressure difference generated in the mold and crucible with the melt cavity 4, while in the crucible 1 with the melt - the mold 3 can be vacuum, atmospheric or elevated pressure. During the filling process, the transport pressure increases as a result of overcoming the friction forces of the hydraulic column of the melt and the throttling effect when the gas phase passes through the ventilation channels. When a certain level of melt is reached (line A-A and point
    20a in the indicator diagram, FIG. 2) the transport pressure PI changes its character, for example, as a result of an abrupt change in the section of the casting. Using a signal from the pressure indicator 8 for transented material; in fig. 2 illustrates, for example, sporting pressure PI, the predominant indicator diagram of the transport pressure during casting is turned on according to the scheme in FIG. one; in fig. 3 -, diagram of the device for implementing the method for casting at atmospheric pressure in a mold and
    the distributor 9, which opens the valve 10, and from the source 13 of the high pressure gas is fed into the unfilled additional cavities 5 of the mold 3 and into the multiplying cylinder 11, by spacing the transport pressure of the piston; Q of that in the mold 3 is established
    in fig. 4 is an indicator diagram of the transport pressure during casting according to the scheme in FIG. 3; in fig. 5 is a flow chart in the presence of a vacuum in a mold and the creation of a transport pressure with a pressure difference of the gas phase; in fig. 6 is an indicator diagram of the transport pressure according to the scheme in FIG. 7; in fig. 7 is a diagram of an apparatus for implementing a method for casting with increased pressure in a mold and creating a transport pressure with a pressure difference of the gas phase; in fig. 8 is an indicator diagram of the transport pressure during casting according to the scheme in FIG. five.
    Device for implementing the method
    high RP pressure. When the piston of the multiplying cylinder I moves, the inflow of the melt from the crucible with the melt is interrupted and the mold 3 is refilled with the melt. After reset
    35 pressure and cooling the finished casting is taken out and the cycle is repeated from the beginning. A device for implementing the method (FIG. 3) consists of a pressing cylinder 1 connected through a gate channel to a mold 3, which consists of a right 31 and left 32 half-molds in which a casting cavity 4 and an additional cavity 5 (profit) are decorated. Cylinder 1 is connected to pressure source 6 with pressure PI through valve 7, pipeline, power qi (Fig. 1), consists of crucible 1 with melt, cylinder 18, which is equipped with indicator 8
    which, via metal conduit 2, is connected with a mold 3 made of two parts — the bottom 31 and the top 32 half-molds, in which the casting cavity 4 is shaped, and the additional pressure is formed in the top mold 32. A power cylinder 18 is connected to a multiplying cylinder 11, one part of which is connected through a pipeline to the casting cavity 4 and through a valve 14 to a source 13 of high-pressure compressed air.
    thin cavities 5. Crucible 1 with a melt 50 of RZ pressure. 8 pressure indicator is connected
    is connected to the source 6 of the compressed gas through the valve 7. The gas pressure PI in the source 6 is the transport pressure. The crucible 1 with the melt is equipped with a pressure indicator 8, which is connected with a converter 9 and a valve 10 with a high pressure source of rarefaction gas using a converter 9 and a valve 10. To the bottom of the mold 3 is attached to the multiplier cylinder 11, through
    with a converter 9, which is connected via valve 10 with an additional cavity of the Vis multiplicating cylinder 11. Communication between the converter 9 and the additional cavity 5 is made through 13 55 adjustable choke 12.
    Example. Characteristic of the casting: automobile piston made of aluminum-silicon alloy, having a skirt thickness
    an adjustable throttle 12 and a pipeline connected to the additional cavities 5, and on the other hand through the pipeline and through the valve 10 to the source 13 of the compressed gas.
    The method is carried out as follows.
    After the melt is prepared to be cast, a pressure difference is created between crucible 1 and the mold 3 and the melt
     metal pipe 2 enters the foundry
    cavity 4, while the crucible 1 with the melt in the system - the mold 3 can be vacuum, atmospheric or elevated pressure. In the process of filling, the transport pressure rises as a result of overcoming the friction forces of the hydraulic column of the melt and the throttling effect when the gas phase passes through the ventilation channels. When a certain level of melt is reached (line A-A and point
    0 and in the indicator diagram, FIG. 2) the transport pressure PI changes its character, for example, as a result of an abrupt change in the section of the casting. Using a signal from pressure indicator 8 for transport pressure PI, transducer 9 is turned on, which opens valve 10, and high pressure source 13 supplies gas to the empty additional cavities 5 of the mold 3 and to the multiplicating cylinder 11, by means of which
    Q of that in the mold 3 is established
    high RP pressure. When the piston of the multiplying cylinder I moves, the inflow of the melt from the crucible with the melt is interrupted and the mold 3 is refilled with the melt. After reset
    35 pressure and cooling the finished casting is taken out and the cycle is repeated from the beginning. A device for implementing the method (FIG. 3) consists of a pressing cylinder 1 connected through a gate channel to a mold 3, which consists of a right 31 and left 32 half-molds in which a casting cavity 4 and an additional cavity 5 (profit) are decorated. Cylinder 1 is connected to pressure source 6 with pressure PI through valve 7, pipeline, power cylinder 18, which is equipped with indicator 8
    pressure. A power cylinder 18 is connected to a multiplying cylinder 11, one part of which is connected through a pipeline to the casting cavity 4 and through a valve 14 to a source 13 of high-pressure compressed air.
    RZ pressure. 8 pressure indicator is connected

    with converter 9, which is connected via valve 10 with the additional cavity of the Vis multiplicating cylinder 11. Communication between converter 9 and additional cavity 5 is made through 55 adjustable choke 12.
    Example. Characteristic of the casting: automobile piston made of aluminum-silicon alloy, having a skirt thickness
    b mm; reinforcing ring at the bottom of the skirt; thickening in the saddle areas of a piston bolt 20 mm thick, bottom thickness 25 mm.
    The method is carried out in a two-cavity metal casting mold 3 with an integral wedge rod for the central hole and rods for the radial holes. In the mold 3, the ventilation channels, the casting channel and the profit are formed (cavity 5).
    In the multiplier cylinder 11 from the source 13, with the valve 14 open, a gas pressure of 60 MPa is created, after which the valve 14 is closed and a portion of the melt is poured into the pressing cylinder
    I. In power cylinder 18 and multiplier 11 cylinders, hydraulic pressure is generated from source 6 with valve 7 open. The power cylinder 18 moves the melt that fills the cavity 4 of the mold 3. When the additional cavity 5 is filled (profit) of the mold 3, the transport pressure Rtr (Fig. 4), counted on the pressure indicator 8, varies and, when part of the profit is filled, the transport pressure changes its character (point a, Fig. 4) and the signal from the pressure indicator 8 triggers the converter 9, opening valve 10, p and wherein porschen multiplying the cylinder 11 begins to move in the profit set pressure of 300 MPa. This pressure is maintained until the end of the crystallization process in the casting, after which it is removed and the casting is removed. The obtained casting after the corresponding heat treatment has the following characteristics: av (32 - 36) x xY as (27-30) -10 Hb 120-140.
    The device for implementing the method (FIG. 5) consists of crucible 1 with molten metal, connected through metal wire 2 with a mold 3, which consists of two parts: the bottom 31 and the top 32 half-molds, between which the mold cavity 4 is decorated. the upper mold half 32 provides additional cavities 5 (profit). Crucible 1 with melt is connected to pressure source 6 with pressure P | through valve 7. Crucible 1 and the space of the mold are connected to a pressure indicator 8, which is equipped with a converter 9. The latter through a valve 10 is connected to a high pressure source 13 with a pressure Ps, which is connected to a multiplicating cylinder through valve 10
    II attached to the bottom mold 31. The piston space of the multiplying cylinder 11 is connected to the additional cavities 5 of the mold 3 via an adjustable throttle 12. The space of the mold 3 through the pipeline and the valve 16 is connected to a source 17 of vacuum.
    Example. Characteristics of the casting: detail for the suspension of a car made of aluminum alloy with a complex combination of thin and thick walls from 4 to 25 mm; thickened “parts” are concentrated in three places, 300-400 mm distant from the central aperture; complex fins with ribs of up to 90 mm.
    The method is carried out in a detachable metal mold, located in a hermetic chamber.
    The plane of the connector of the half-form 31 and 32 and has a complex configuration. In the thickened parts of the casting, profits are recorded. The molds are made of ventilation
    5 channels. The cavities of the casting in the spaces between the ribs are decorated with inserts, between which there are also ventilation ducts. Before starting to cast in the chamber where the mold 3 is located, a vacuum of 0.1-0.2 MPa from the source 17 is created with the valve 16 open. A pressure difference is created between the crucible 1 with the melt and the mold 3, resulting in the filling of the cavity 4 castings. When the melt level reaches
    5 of the ventilation channels in the plane of the connector and the melt will fill them, the transport pressure changes its character and through the signal of the indicator 8 a converter 9 is turned on, which opens the valve 10. In the cavity 5 of the mold 3, a high pressure is established which is balanced by the piston of the multiplying cylinder 11. This pressure is maintained until the end of the crystallization process in the casting, after which it is released and the casting is removed. Vacuum maintained
    5 only until the mold 3 is completely filled with the melt.
    A device for implementing the method (FIG. 7) consists of a crucible 1 with a melt connected through a metal pipeline 2 with a mold 3, which consists of a left 31 and a right 32 half-form, between which a casting cavity 4 is decorated. In the left half-form 31 there are additional cavities 5 (profits). Crucible 1 with the melt is connected to pressure source 6 with pressure P, through valve 7. Pressure source 6 is connected to the mold 3 by valve 15. Pressure indicator 8 is mounted in the crucible 1 with melt, equipped with a converter 9, which through valve 10 dealt with high pressure source 13
    0 with pressure RZ. The high pressure source is connected to a multiplying cylinder 11 connected to the right half-form 32. The piston space of the multiplying cylinder 11 is connected by a pipeline and an adjustable throttle 12 with additional
    5 cavities 5.
    Example. Characteristic of the casting: the finned part intended for operation
    under the influence of water vapor at 150 ° C and a pressure of 10 MPa with the requirements: ё (30-32) -10 N / m and.
    The method is carried out in a two-cavity metal mold, which is sealed by an elastic seal. A deep and wide channel is cut between the sealing ring and the working cavity of the mold, which is connected with the working cavity of the mold by means of the ventilation channels. The mold is decorated with ventilation indicators, feet and space of profit.
    In the crucible 1 with the melt there is a melt - technically pure Zn, in which nitrogen is bubbled under a pressure of 10x10 N / m, and then in the crucible 1 system from the casting and the material from which it is made, this pressure is created in the mold itself. This method affects the filling of the mold with the melt and its crystallization, in which both processes are controlled at the same time with minimal energy consumption. All this ensures the production of castings with the desired and at the same time high physicomechanical formula of the invention
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    1. A method of pouring under pressure, including - ---, transporting the melt from the crucible and
    vom - casting mold 3 is set to fill the casting mold under the action of a pressure of 10x10 N / m. A differential pressure difference is generated from the crucible and
    mold, the effect on the melt when the mold is filled with vacuum, atmospheric and high gas pressure. According to the signal of the pressure indicator 8 by 20, it is characterized in that the converter 9 is switched on to remove the physicomechanical properties of the castings after the mold is filled with the melt to a certain level in the unfilled cavity of the mold or in one or several unfilled
    pressure and the melt fills the mold 3 to line A-A (point a, fig. 8) and the transport pressure changes its characteristic valve 10, and in the unfilled cavity 5 of the mold 3 a pressure of 96 X 10 N / m is established, which is balanced by pressure in multiply cylinder 11. When the piston 25 is moved by separate cavities, a gas multiplying cylinder 11 is created to close the melt flow from the crucible 1 and refill the mold 3 at high pressure. After the melt crystallizes, the pressure in the casting mold 3 is vented, and the casting is cooled and taken out.
    thirty
    the pressure that exceeds the pressure in the mold at that moment, on the other side of the mold creates an opposing pressure that balances the gas pressure.
    [2]
    2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas pressure is kept constant until the complete melt crystallizes in the casting mold.
    The advantages of the proposed method are that the additional gas pressure begins to act on the melt at a certain moment, which is chosen depending on the configuration, specific
    pouring and the material from which it is made, this pressure is created in the mold itself. This method affects the filling of the mold with the melt and its crystallization, in which both processes are controlled at the same time with minimal energy consumption. All this ensures the production of castings with the desired and at the same time high physicomechanical,
    Invention Formula
    25 separate cavities create gas
    thirty
    35
    the pressure that exceeds the pressure in the mold at that moment, on the other side of the mold creates an opposing pressure that balances the gas pressure.
    2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas pressure is kept constant until the complete melt crystallizes in the casting mold.
    [3]
    3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas pressure is continuously increased from the time it is created until the end of the crystallization of the melt in the mold.
     gpr
    FIG. 2
    FIG.
    FIG. 7
    FIG. eight
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    US2181157A|1939-11-28|Method and apparatus for pressure casting
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK315283D0|1983-07-07|
    AT30126T|1987-10-15|
    DE3373986D1|1987-11-12|
    BG34491A1|1983-10-15|
    CS530583A2|1984-06-18|
    HU198276B|1989-09-28|
    RO87711B|1985-11-01|
    EP0099104A2|1984-01-25|
    AU1669083A|1984-01-19|
    ES524043A0|1984-06-01|
    NO161783C|1989-09-27|
    IN159558B|1987-05-23|
    NO832548L|1984-01-16|
    PL242987A1|1984-03-12|
    RO87711A|1985-11-30|
    EP0099104B1|1987-10-07|
    CS235980B2|1985-05-15|
    DD265994A3|1989-03-22|
    NO161783B|1989-06-19|
    ES8405299A1|1984-06-01|
    AU558220B2|1987-01-22|
    DK315283A|1984-01-15|
    JPS5947062A|1984-03-16|
    BR8303740A|1984-02-21|
    EP0099104A3|1984-02-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE1178979B|1961-01-26|1964-10-01|Balgarska Akademia Na Naukite|Process for casting metals and other substances under pressure|
    IT1065981B|1976-02-04|1985-03-04|Fata S P A Ora Fata Europ Grou|PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT FOR LOW PRESSURE SHELL CASTING OF LIGHT ALLOY PIECES|
    JPS54151513A|1978-04-27|1979-11-28|Leibfried Dieter|Low pressure dieecasting of metal particularly of ne metal and apparatus therefor|ES8608970A1|1985-10-08|1986-09-01|Inst Po Metalloznanie I Tekno|Method of and installation for casting under pressure.|
    DE3618059A1|1986-05-28|1987-12-03|Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie|Low-pressure casting method and apparatus for its implementation|
    JPH0629381Y2|1988-03-24|1994-08-10|株式会社大井製作所|Inside handle device for vehicle|
    US5271451A|1992-09-01|1993-12-21|General Motors Corporation|Metal casting using a mold having attached risers|
    DE19538242C2|1994-10-14|2000-05-04|Honda Motor Co Ltd|Thixo casting process and use of a thixo casting alloy material|
    DE19821419A1|1998-05-13|1999-11-18|Georg Fischer Disa Ag|Process for increasing low pressure casting of metal, especially light metal|
    KR101199061B1|2010-06-11|2012-11-07|현대자동차주식회사|Handle for door trim|
    US8434460B2|2010-10-29|2013-05-07|Ford Global Technologies, Llc|Integrally molded carbon canister|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    BG8257405A|BG34491A1|1982-07-14|1982-07-14|Method for casting under pressure|
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